(1) Persist in the implementation of energy conservation strategy
Improving energy efficiency is a basic measure to ensure the balance of energy supply and demand in China in the medium and long term. China’s population base is large, and it will exceed 2 billion people by the middle of the 21st century. Whether it is in terms of China’s guaranteed energy resources or the world’s availability of energy resources, it can only be achieved by creating higher energy efficiency than the current industrialized countries. To achieve the goal of achieving rapid economic growth and reaching the per capita level of moderately developed countries under the guarantee of limited resources, increasing energy supply alone cannot ensure the balance of energy supply and demand.
Compared with developed countries, China’s energy utilization efficiency is low, the key lies in the low-level industrial structure, and the rapid expansion of the output of high-energy-consuming products is not based on fully improving technology and efficiency. At this time, it is necessary to change the growth mode and structural adjustments, change the situation of achieving rapid economic growth with high investment and high consumption, and adhere to a new road of industrialization with high technology content, good economic benefits, low resource consumption and less environmental pollution.
In China’s energy development strategy, it is necessary to take the improvement of energy efficiency as the basic starting point, adhere to the implementation of the energy conservation strategy, based on broad energy conservation, focusing on industrial energy conservation and oil conservation, and relying on technological progress to improve energy efficiency.
A large number of researches and case studies have shown that China’s energy-saving potential is huge. If the use of international advanced technology and equipment to replace the current backward technology and equipment, the energy-saving potential can reach about 50% of the country’s current energy consumption; such as the use of China’s existing advanced technology and equipment to replace the current backward technology and equipment And equipment, the energy-saving potential can reach about 30% of the country’s current energy consumption.
(2) Vigorously optimize the energy structure
From the perspective of the development of various countries in the world, industrialized countries have adopted an energy route based on oil and gas to gradually reduce the proportion of solid fuels in order to achieve the goals of improving energy efficiency, reducing energy system costs, reducing environmental pollution, and improving energy service quality.
China has abundant coal reserves, and more coal and less oil are the basic characteristics of the energy structure. To solve the problem of insufficient oil reserves and fuel oil supply, it is necessary to base on coal liquefaction technology. In accordance with the current situation of the current soaring international oil prices and the sharp increase in China’s oil imports, further efforts should be made to develop the coal-to-liquid industry, so that China’s oil supply is based mainly on China’s production.
Due to its own resource characteristics, economic development level and history and other factors, China has always maintained an energy structure with coal as the main energy source. With the increasing energy consumption, the drawbacks of this energy structure have become increasingly obvious and prominent, and effective measures should be taken. Measures to be changed. But at the same time, we must be soberly aware that to change China’s energy structure with coal as the main energy source is definitely not something that can be done in the short term. It will take decades or even longer, and a variety of measures need to be taken to develop a variety of high-quality products. Clean energy.
(3) Actively develop clean coal technology
Due to its own resource characteristics, economic development level and history and other factors, China has always maintained an energy structure with coal as the main energy source. Coal will remain China’s main energy source in the next few decades. Therefore, active development of clean coal technology, efficient and clean development and utilization of coal resources, and efforts to reduce the pollution of coal to the environment should be the major measures of China’s energy development in the near future. Clean coal that has been commercialized or conditionally commercialized in China should be commercialized or conditionally commercialized. Technology is incorporated into the economic and social development plan, and actively promoted and promoted, such as expanding the proportion of raw coal into washing, increasing the popularization rate of civil briquettes, and promoting the application of coal water slurry. For medium and long-term development, measures should be taken to greatly reduce the direct use of coal in the terminal, increase the proportion of coal converted into electricity and gas and liquid fuels, and actively develop clean coal combustion technologies.
(4) Vigorously develop and utilize new energy and renewable energy. In recent years, the world’s new energy and renewable energy have developed rapidly. The technology has gradually matured, and the economy has gradually become accepted by people. Experts predict that whether it is in technology or in Economically, there will be major breakthroughs in the development and utilization of new energy and renewable energy within a few decades.
In order to accelerate the development of new and renewable energy, the state should increase capital investment in research and development and the realization of industrialized production, and should adopt a series of incentive policies such as tax reductions and exemptions, price subsidies, and loan preferences.
(5) Take measures to ensure the safety of energy supply
The Energy Conservation Law of the People’s Republic of China takes the legalization of energy issues as the core, establishes the national energy strategy framework, and provides the foundation for the establishment of the national energy countermeasure system. To ensure the safety of energy supply and reduce import risks, the following measures should be taken.
① Implement a diversified, multilateral and multi-channel plan for the import of oil and gas products.
②Gradually establish a national and regional petroleum strategic reserve system.
③ Efforts to develop petroleum substitute products.
④ Speed up the reform of the energy system.
⑤Extensive participation in international energy cooperation.
